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🇮🇳 National Symbols of India – Static GK Table

 

🇮🇳 National Symbols of India – Static GK Table                                             ______________________________________________________________

1. National Emblem – Lion Capital of Ashoka

  • Adopted: 26 January 1950
  • Origin: Replica of the Ashoka Pillar at Sarnath
  • Motto: Satyameva Jayate (“Truth Alone Triumphs”) – from Mundaka Upanishad
  • Design: Four Asiatic lions standing back to back, mounted on a circular base with a horse, bull, elephant, and lion separated by a Dharma Chakra
  • Official Usage:
    • Government documents and official letterheads
    • Currency notes and coins
    • Seals of government offices
  • Importance: Symbolizes power, courage, pride, and confidence

2. National Flag – Tricolor (Tiranga)

  • Adopted: 22 July 1947
  • Design: Horizontal tricolor of saffron (top), white (middle), green (bottom) with Ashoka Chakra (navy blue, 24 spokes) in the center
  • Designer: Pingali Venkayya
  • Proportion: 3:2
  • Official Usage:
    • Hoisted on Republic Day and Independence Day
    • Used by government offices, schools, and ceremonies
  • Importance: Represents courage (saffron), peace and truth (white), and fertility and growth (green)
  • Trivia: The Ashoka Chakra represents the eternal wheel of law

3. National Anthem – Jana Gana Mana

  • Adopted: 24 January 1950
  • Writer: Rabindranath Tagore
  • First Sung: 1911, Kolkata session of the Indian National Congress
  • Duration: ~52 seconds
  • Official Usage:
    • Begins sessions of Parliament and official ceremonies
    • Played in schools and government functions
  • Importance: Symbol of national unity and pride

4. National Song – Vande Mataram

  • Adopted: 26 January 1950
  • Writer: Bankim Chandra Chatterjee (Anandamath)
  • First Sung: 1896, Kolkata Congress session
  • Official Usage:
    • Ends sessions of Parliament
    • Used in cultural and patriotic functions
  • Importance: Evokes love for motherland and freedom struggle sentiment

5. National Calendar – Saka Samvat

  • Adopted: 22 March 1957
  • Starting Month: Chaitra
  • Official Usage:
    • Government documents, Gazette notifications
    • Indian newspapers often show both Gregorian and Saka dates
  • Importance: Provides uniform civil calendar for administration

6. National Animal – Tiger

  • Declared: 1973 (Project Tiger)
  • Scientific Name: Panthera tigris
  • Official Usage:
    • Wildlife conservation programs
    • Symbol of strength and power in government insignia
  • Importance: Represents courage, strength, and the wildlife heritage of India

7. National Bird – Peacock

  • Declared: 1963
  • Scientific Name: Pavo cristatus
  • Official Usage:
    • Featured in official stamps and currency notes
  • Importance: Symbol of grace, beauty, and cultural heritage

8. National Flower – Lotus

  • Declared: 1950
  • Scientific Name: Nelumbo nucifera
  • Official Usage:
    • Emblem of Indian culture, art, and literature
    • Used in official emblems and decorations
  • Importance: Symbol of purity, spiritual enlightenment, and resilience

9. National Fruit – Mango

  • Declared: Date not officially notified but widely recognized
  • Scientific Name: Mangifera indica
  • Official Usage:
    • Featured in agricultural exhibitions
  • Importance: Known as the “King of Fruits,” represents India’s agricultural richness

10. National Tree – Banyan

  • Declared: Notified by the Government
  • Scientific Name: Ficus benghalensis
  • Official Usage:
    • Conservation efforts and cultural symbolism
  • Importance: Represents longevity, shelter, and Indian heritage

11. National River – Ganga

  • Declared: 2008
  • Length: 2525 km
  • Origin: Gangotri Glacier
  • Falls Into: Bay of Bengal
  • Official Usage:
    • National water resource management
    • Religious and cultural symbolism
  • Importance: Sacred river, vital for ecology and human civilization

12. National Aquatic Animal – Gangetic Dolphin

  • Declared: 5 October 2009
  • Scientific Name: Platanista gangetica
  • Official Usage:
    • Focus of aquatic conservation programs
  • Importance: Indicator of freshwater ecosystem health

13. National Heritage Animal – Asian Elephant

  • Declared: 1992 (Project Elephant)
  • Scientific Name: Elephas maximus indicus
  • Official Usage:
    • Wildlife conservation and tourism
  • Importance: Represents heritage, strength, and cultural tradition

 

 

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