Complete Static GK Profile : Bihar State
🏛️ General Information
| Category | Detail |
| Capital | Patna |
| Formation | 22 March 1912 (Bihar Diwas) |
| Total Area | 94,163 sq.km (Rank: 12th — Note: Rank shifted after J&K reorganization) |
| Population | ~130 Million (2024-25 Est.) (Rank: 3rd) |
| Density | 1,106 per sq.km (Highest in India) |
| Literacy Rate | ~70.9% (Improved from 2011 census) |
| Sex Ratio | 918 (Female) / 1000 (Male) |
| Districts | 38 |
👤 Current Administration (2026)
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Chief Minister: Nitish Kumar
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Governor: Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar (Current as of late 2025/early 2026)
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Chief Justice (Patna High Court): K. Vinod Chandran
🗳️ Legislature & Representation
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Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha): 243 Seats
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Legislative Council (Vidhan Parishad): 75 Seats (Bihar is Bicameral)
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Lower House (Lok Sabha): 40 Seats
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Upper House (Rajya Sabha): 16 Seats
🗺️ Geography & Resources
🌊 Rivers & Lakes
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Main Rivers: Ganga (enters at Chausa), Kosi (The Sorrow of Bihar), Gandak, Son, Ghaghara, Punpun, Falgu.
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Lakes:
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Kanwar Lake (Begusarai): Asia’s largest freshwater Oxbow lake (Ramsar Site).
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Ghora Katora: Located near Rajgir.
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Kushmeshwar Asthan: Darbhanga.
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⛰️ National Parks & Wildlife
National Park:
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Valmiki National Park (West Champaran) – Only National Park in Bihar.
Wildlife Sanctuaries:
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Bhimbandh (Munger)
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Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary (Largest in Bihar)
- Pant Wildlife Sanctuary (Rajgir)
- Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary (Bhagalpur) – India’s only dolphin sanctuary.
🎨 Culture & Tourism
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Official Languages: Hindi and Urdu.
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Regional Languages: Maithili (8th Schedule), Bhojpuri, Magahi, Angika, Bajjika.
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Festivals: Chhath Puja (Most significant), Sama Chakeva, Bihula, Madhushravani.
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Folk Dances: Jat-Jatin, Bideshiya, Jhijhian, Domkach.
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Folk Paintings: Madhubani (Mithila Art), Manjusha Art, Patna Qalam.
⚡ Energy & Infrastructure
Thermal Power Plants:
- Barauni Thermal Power Station
- Kahalgaon Super Thermal Power Plant (NTPC)
- Nabinagar Super Thermal Power Project
Important Dams:
- Nagi & Nakti Dam (Jamui)
- Kohira Dam (Kaimur)